During the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries, most countries of the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA) were under European colonization. Though the colonizing authorities were the first to introduce a compulsory education, access to modern (European-style) education was restricted to a select elite. Colonial education in many ways was designed to shape local intellectual development and to limit their ability of local actors in challenging the colonizers’ political control, while enhancing the of Western culture, but it resulted from the colonizer’s willingness to advance a dominant and superior western culture while annexing further territories in the MENA region and imposing restrictions on nationals.
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Schools in the Middle East and North Africa
Schulen im Nahen Osten und in Nordafrika
Escuelas en el Medio Oriente y África del Norte
المدارس في الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا
In the MENA region, during the post-colonial era, education spread as result of the significant social changes and the rise of indigenous élite as a ruling power. The willingness of national governments to build a strong nation made the acquisition of literacy a necessary skill for maximizing human potential. Most scholars and policy makers in the region have argued that education is the cornerstone of society’s economic growth and expansion. They stress the importance of investing in education in order to promote sustained economic development, although despite significant expansion of educational reach and services, unemployment remains high.
Écoles au Moyen-Orient et en Afrique du Nord
中东和北非的学校
школы на Ближнем Востоке и в Северной Африке
The spread of education in the region has engendered many social changes that influenced the position of women in MENA countries. Most importantly, even in the conservative regimes, women had access to education. Throughout the region, while the percentage of girls in primary schools was as important as that of boys, female access to higher education was steadily rising. Correspondingly, due to their improved level of literacy, educated women could work as lawyers, doctors, and employees in social services.
مدارس در خاورمیانه و شمال آفریقا
मध्य पूर्व और उत्तरी अफ्रीका के स्कूल
Sekolah di Timur Tengah dan Afrika Utara
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